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Rev. cuba. enferm ; 36(2): e3328, abr.-jul.2020. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | CUMED, BDENF, LILACS | ID: biblio-1280261

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Los educadores y trabajadores de la salud se hallan entre las personas susceptibles a estrés y Burnout Objetivo: Discutir, en base a la literatura científica, los niveles de Burnout y las estrategias de afrontamiento en docentes de educación superior. Métodos: Revisión sistemática de artículos publicados entre 2010 y 2018 en las bases de datos EBSCO host, SCIELO, ERIC, SCIENCE DIRECT, SCOPUS, REDALYC, DOAJ y LILACS. En la estrategia de búsqueda se utilizó el diagrama de flujo Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Se revisaron 18 artículos (en idiomas español, portugués e inglés) tras aplicar los criterios de inclusión y exclusión. Conclusiones: No queda claro si existe Burnout en los docentes de educación superior. Se asocia levemente niveles altos de agotamiento y despersonalización con alto compromiso laboral; estrés laboral y nivel de agotamiento alto con menor satisfacción laboral; relación entre alto nivel de agotamiento con profesores jóvenes con menos experiencia; agotamiento con factores académicos como horas de enseñanza; Burnout con actividades de investigación; mayor estrés con condición laboral contratado. No se halló relación significativa entre Burnout y sentimientos de autoeficacia o desempeño docente; cansancio emocional y satisfacción ocupacional. Las estrategias para afrontar el estrés que utilizan los docentes son las enfocadas en la solución del problema, la búsqueda de ayuda o apoyo social y la revaluación positiva(AU)


Introduction: Health educators and general workers in the sector are among the people vulnerable to stress and burnout Objective: To discuss, based on the scientific literature, burnout levels and coping strategies in higher education professors. Methods: Systematic review of articles published between 2010 and 2018 in the databases EBSCO host, SCIELO, ERIC, SCIENCE DIRECT, SCOPUS, REDALYC, DOAJ, and LILACS. In the search strategy, the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyzes (PRISMA) flowchart was used. Eighteen articles (in Spanish, Portuguese, and English) were reviewed after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Conclusions: It is not clear if burnout exists in higher education professors. High levels of exhaustion and depersonalization are slightly associated with high work commitment. Job stress and high level of exhaustion are associated with less job satisfaction. Relationship between high level of exhaustion is associated with younger professors with less experience. Exhaustion is associated with academic factors such as teaching hours. Burnout is associated with research activities. Increased stress is associated with an employment condition as contracted. No significant relationship was found between burnout and feelings of self-efficacy or teaching performance, or between emotional fatigue and occupational satisfaction. The strategies for dealing with stress that teachers use are those focused on solving the problem, seeking help or social support, and positive revaluation(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Personal Satisfaction , Health Educators , Occupational Stress/diagnosis , Burnout, Psychological/etiology , Review Literature as Topic , Databases, Bibliographic
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